Longitudinal evaluation of clinical, spectral and tissue degradation biomarkers in progression of periodontitis among cigarette and electronic cigarette smokers
Zohaib Akram, Sultan Aati, Ali Alrahlah, Fahim Vohra, Amr Fawzy
Topics & Concepts
PeriodontitisMedicineClinical attachment lossGastroenterologyInternal medicineElectronic cigaretteDentistryCigarette smokingPathologyOral microbiology and periodontitis researchSpectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical ResearchDental Radiography and Imaging