Litcius/Paper detail

Searching for isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background in the international pulsar timing array second data release

Zu-Cheng Chen, Yu-Mei Wu, Qing-Guo Huang

2022Communications in Theoretical Physics44 citationsDOIOpen Access PDF

Abstract

Abstract We search for isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) in the International Pulsar Timing Array second data release. By modeling the SGWB as a power-law, we find very strong Bayesian evidence for a common-spectrum process, and further this process has scalar transverse (ST) correlations allowed in general metric theory of gravity as the Bayes factor in favor of the ST-correlated process versus the spatially uncorrelated common-spectrum process is 30 ± 2. The median and the 90% equal-tail amplitudes of ST mode are <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="italic"></mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>ST</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1.29</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.44</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.51</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>15</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , or equivalently the energy density parameter per logarithm frequency is <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mml:mi> <mml:mi>GW</mml:mi> <mml:mi>ST</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mn>2.31</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1.30</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2.19</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , at frequency of 1 year −1 . However, we do not find any statistically significant evidence for the tensor transverse (TT) mode and then place the 95% upper limits as <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="italic"></mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>TT</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3.95</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>15</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , or equivalently <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</mml:mi> <mml:mi>GW</mml:mi> <mml:mi>TT</mml:mi> </mml:msubsup> <mml:mo>&lt;</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2.16</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:math> , at frequency of 1 year −1 .

Topics & Concepts

PulsarPhysicsIsotropyGravitational waveGravitational wave backgroundAstrophysicsAstronomyQuantum mechanicsPulsars and Gravitational Waves ResearchGeophysics and Gravity MeasurementsAdvanced Frequency and Time Standards