Co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other viral respiratory pathogens in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A cross-sectional study
Eggi Arguni, Endah Supriyati, Mohamad S. Hakim, Edwin Widyanto Daniwijaya, Firdian Makrufardi, Ayu Rahayu, Anwar Rovik, Utari Saraswati, Farida Nur Oktoviani, Nenes Prastiwi, Titik Nuryastuti, Tri Wibawa, Sofia Mubarika Haryana
Abstract
Background: Growing evidence shows that viral co-infection is found repeatedly in patients with Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). This is the first report of SARS-CoV-2 co-infection with viral respiratory pathogens in Indonesia. Methods: Over a one month period of April to May 2020, SARS-CoV-2 positive nasopharyngeal swabs in our COVID-19 referral laboratory in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, were tested for viral respiratory pathogens by real-time, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Proportion of co-infection reported in percentage. Results: Fifty-nine samples were positive for other viral respiratory pathogens among a total of 125 samples. Influenza A virus was detected in 32 samples, Influenza B in 16 samples, Human metapneumovirus in 1 sample, and adenovirus in 10 samples. We did not detect any co-infection with respiratory syncytial virus. Nine (7.2%) patients had co-infection with more than two viruses. Conclusion: Viral co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 is common. These results will provide a helpful reference for diagnosis and clinical treatment of patients with COVID-19.