Advancements in Nanomaterials and Molecular Probes for Spatial Omics
Yingying Lin, Jiaxin Hou, Bin Li, Weikang Shu, Jingjing Wan
Abstract
Spatial omics is emerging as a focus of life sciences because of its applications in investigating the molecular mechanisms of cancer, mapping cellular distributions, and revealing specific cellular ecological niches. Notably, the in-depth acquisition of spatial omics information relies on highly sensitive, high-resolution, and high-throughput biological analysis tools and techniques. However, conventional methods of omics data acquisition still suffer from some drawbacks such as limited-resolution and low-throughput and are difficult to adapt directly to the collection of high-quality spatial omics data. Recently, an increasing number of advanced nanomaterials and molecular probes are employed in spatial omics due to their excellent optoelectronic properties, biocompatibility, and multifunction. These well-designed innovative nanoscaffolds successfully enhance the key parameters of spatial omics and, thus, increase the spatial resolution, detection sensitivity, and detection throughput. This review summarizes the design and application of functional nanoscaffolds for spatial omics in recent years, with a particular emphasis on nanomaterials and molecular probes. We believe that the present review can inspire and motivate researchers in designing and selecting appropriate materials and probes for high-quality spatial omics, thus promoting the development of spatial omics and life sciences.