Micelle-Laden Hydrogel Microparticles for the Removal of Hydrophobic Micropollutants from Water
Devashish Gokhale, Ian Chen, Patrick S. Doyle
Abstract
Micropollutants, which occur at low concentration in the environment, are ubiquitous, hazardous, and difficult to remove from water by using current methods. This work introduces hydrogel-based polymeric absorbents containing immobilized micelles for the removal of hydrophobic micropollutants from water. Acrylated surfactants are synthesized and self-assemble into micelles with hydrophobic cores. The acrylate groups enable the incorporation of micelles into poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels by free radical polymerization. NMR spectroscopy is used to characterize the cross-linked hydrogels. The hydrogels are formulated into microparticles by using droplet-based microfluidics to speed uptake by increasing surface area. Hydrophobic micropollutants quickly partition into the immobilized micelles within these microparticles, with mass transfer coefficients greater than those determined for a commercially available activated carbon that is frequently used for water purification. Finally, a sustainable and facile method of regenerating spent absorbent is demonstrated.