Assessing the Drawbacks and Benefits of Ion Migration in Lead Halide Perovskites
Kostiantyn Sakhatskyi, Rohit Abraham John, Antonio Guerrero, Sergey Tsarev, Sebastian Sabisch, Tisita Das, Gebhard J. Matt, Sergii Yakunin, Ihor Cherniukh, Martin Kotyrba, Yuliia Berezovska, Maryna I. Bodnarchuk, Sudip Chakraborty, Juan Bisquert, Maksym V. Kovalenko
Abstract
Since the inception of the unprecedented rise of halide perovskites for photovoltaic research, ion migration has shadowed this material class with undesirable hysteresis and degradation effects, limiting its practical implementations. Unfortunately, the localized doping and electrochemical reactions triggered by ion migration cause many more undesirable effects that are often unreported or misinterpreted because they deviate from classical semiconductor behavior. In this Perspective, we provide a concise overview of such effects in halide perovskites, such as operational instability in photovoltaics, polarization-induced abnormal external quantum efficiency in light-emitting diodes, and energy channel shift and anomalous sensitivities in hard radiation detection. Finally, we highlight a unique use case of exploiting ion migration as a boon to design emerging memory technologies such as memristors for information storage and computing.