Phase plates in the transmission electron microscope: operating principles and applications
Marek Malac, Simón Hettler, Misa Hayashida, Emi Kano, R.F. Egerton, Marco Beleggia
Abstract
In this paper, we review the current state of phase plate imaging in a transmission electron microscope. We focus especially on the hole-free phase plate design, also referred to as the Volta phase plate. We discuss the implementation, operating principles and applications of phase plate imaging. We provide an imaging theory that accounts for inelastic scattering in both the sample and in the hole-free phase plate.
Topics & Concepts
Phase (matter)Scanning transmission electron microscopyMicroscopeOpticsElectronTransmission electron microscopyElectron tomographyTransmission (telecommunications)Focus (optics)Materials scienceElectron microscopePhysicsComputer scienceTelecommunicationsNuclear physicsQuantum mechanicsAdvanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and ApplicationsElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy TechniquesNear-Field Optical Microscopy