Management of Primary Brainstem Hemorrhage: A Review of Outcome Prediction, Surgical Treatment, and Animal Model
Peng Chen, Haijun Yao, Xiaoyong Tang, Yanglingxi Wang, Qingtao Zhang, Yang Liu, Jin Hu, Yongbing Deng
Abstract
Primary brainstem hemorrhage (PBH) has the worst prognosis of all types of intracerebral hemorrhage. Currently, the management of PBH is controversial. Hematoma classification, scoring systems, and electrophysiological monitoring are critical for predicting the outcome of PBH. Surgery may be an effective treatment for PBH. Clinical studies have emphasized the importance of animal models for understanding the pathogenesis and pathological mechanisms of PBH. In this study, combined with recent studies, the outcome prediction, surgical treatment, and animal models of PBH were reviewed.
Topics & Concepts
MedicineBrainstemPathologicalAnimal modelIntracerebral hemorrhageHematomaOutcome (game theory)Intensive care medicineSurgeryPathologyInternal medicineSubarachnoid hemorrhageMathematicsMathematical economicsIntracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ResearchAcute Ischemic Stroke ManagementVascular Malformations Diagnosis and Treatment