Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) based metal–organic frameworks for smart sensing and stimuli-responsive applications
Anupam Maiti, Bidyadhar Mahato, Debajyoti Ghoshal
Abstract
Several ESIPT-active organic compounds have been reported, but the development of ESIPT-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is still at a rudimentary stage, as the challenge lies in the design, especially in terms of dual-emissive behavior, which is a signature of ESIPT-based effective sensing. This unique characteristic of the ESIPT process is due to the stringent requirement of a narrow energy gap between two tautomeric forms. Incorporating specially designed ESIPT-based organic linkers in MOFs, with their stable and tunable structures, offers a promising platform to realize the distinctive ESIPT-driven dual-emissive behavior. This review article highlights our persistent effort to understand the ESIPT behaviour in MOFs, along with related reports from other groups. In this way, we have tried to articulate our understanding towards the structure-property relationships in ESIPT active MOFs. The effects of external stimuli, such as pressure, temperature, pH, light, solvent polarity, and ionic species, in modulating ESIPT in MOFs have also been taken into consideration for their advanced applications.