Catechins reduce inflammation in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated dental pulp cells by inhibiting activation of the NF‐κB pathway
Fang Wang, Ying Han, Shuang Xi, Yi Lu
Abstract
AIM: To ascertain the anti-inflammation mechanism of catechins in lipopolysaccharide-treated human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODS: Expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The anti-inflammatory mechanism was explored by examining activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling using qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Human dental pulp cells proliferation was not affected by treatment with epigallocatechin (ECG) or epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG). mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was decreased significantly in ECG- and EGCG-treated HDPCs. Subsequently, the effects of ECG and EGCG upon activation of NF-κB signaling were evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Expression of p-p65 protein in HDPCs treated with ECG, EGCG, or an NF-κB inhibitor (Bay 11-7082) was lower than that in HDPCs treated with lipopolysaccharide, data that were consistent with the location of p65 protein according to immunofluorescence staining. CONCLUSIONS: Catechin could reduce lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammation in HDPCs by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB pathway.